Over weight is nothing but the excessive body weight which may decrease life expectancy and increase the risk of various health problems. Body mass index is the measurement for correct height and weight which defines the weight of the people, if it is more than 35 then it is considered as obese. This over weight can be reduced by using surgical and non-surgical methods. If the patients are risk of facing major health problems then it is better to choose surgical method.
Generally, men lose their overweight faster than women. Men have lower fat and more muscle mass percentage as compared to women. So, the rate of burning calories is more, according to that metabolism is also high.
There are many ways to lose the weight, such as doing exercise, changing the diet or eating habits. Other than these, there are two types of surgical methods:
1. Restrictive methods, which may decrease the intake of food
2. Malabsorptive methods, which will decrease the digestion level and absorption level of the gastrointestinal system.
Before going to start the surgery, it is necessary to ensure that the person is suitable for the surgery or not. The person who is undergoing the procedure should benefit more from the surgery. The surgery procedures include:
1. Adjustable Gastric Band
2. Laparoscopic sleeve Gastrectomy
3. Laparoscopic Roux-en-y Gastric Bypass
4. Laparoscopic Invasive surgery
Adjustable Gastric Band: In this method, two medical devices are inserted at the same time in the process of surgery. The upper portion of the stomach is completely wrapped by the band and the abdominal wall is attached by the injection base which is underneath the skin. After the surgery, removal of saline is carried out through the injection. By using a thin, soft, and hollow tube these two implants get connected.
This surgery has many advantages such as less trauma, removable, lesser side effects and long term success.
Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: it is a restrictive operation which will decrease the stomach volume up to 85%. The resulting stomach is small in size and in good shape. This surgery is used for the patients who have BMI over 35. It is also using as a primary bariatric surgery. Depending on the persons BMI level, the procedure may vary from person to person. It doesn’t require artificial elements and it is not reversible. It has effects on gastrointestinal system. This reduces the stomach intake.
Laparoscopic Roux-en-y Gastric Bypass: It is a combination of malabsorption and restrictive methods. After one year, average of 77% of weight can be lost. In this surgery, some portion of stomach is bypassed so the absorption level of calories also decreases.
Laparoscopic Invasive surgery: It is a predominant method to lose the weight in some areas. By inserting a small video camera in to the abdomen, surgeon can view the inside area perfectly. The instruments and camera are inserted through small incisions, which are made on the abdominal wall. It doesn’t require large incisions to open the abdomen.
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